HVAC, Electrical & Plumbing Permit Data
HVAC, electrical and plumbing permit data records the mechanical systems installed and replaced in US buildings: heating and cooling equipment, electrical service and panels, and water supply and waste lines. Builty structures these nationally and derives systems age at the address, dated from the permits themselves.
The other three points of a four-point inspection
A four-point inspection asks about the roof, the electrical, the plumbing and the HVAC, because those four systems drive most of what goes wrong in a building. Three of them are on this page. Each one leaves a dated permit when it is installed or replaced, which means systems age is observable at the address instead of being inferred from the year the house was built.
What's in the data
Three trades, each with the attributes that decide what the work means.
| Signal | What it carries |
|---|---|
| HVAC equipment | Split, package, mini-split and heat pump, with tonnage and efficiency rating |
| HVAC fuel | Gas, electric or dual fuel, which is what makes a fuel switch visible |
| Electrical service | Service amperage, panel replacement, meter and main upgrades, rewires |
| EV & load | Dedicated charger circuits and the capacity work that accompanies them |
| Plumbing | Repipe scope and material, water heater type and fuel, sewer lateral work |
| Systems age | Derived per trade at the address from the most recent replacement |
| Brand | Equipment manufacturer where the permit names it, normalized |
A mechanical permit, decoded
Equipment, capacity and efficiency, compressed into a single line.
The electrification signal
Electrification is not a kind of equipment, it is a direction of change: a property moving off on-site fossil fuel. It shows up as a pattern across these three trades rather than as its own permit, which is why it is a derived signal here rather than a separate dataset.
| Signal | What it means |
|---|---|
| Heat pump replacing a furnace | Space heating moves from gas to electric. The permit is a mechanical permit |
| Heat pump water heater | Water heating moves from gas to electric. The permit is a plumbing permit |
| Panel or service upgrade | The enabling work, because electrified equipment draws more amperage |
| EV charger circuit | Usually permitted electrically, often alongside the panel upgrade |
| Fuel-switch flag | The dated event where a property's fuel actually changed, derived across the above |
Who uses it
Frequently asked questions
What is a four-point inspection?
Can you tell how old an HVAC system is?
What does electrification mean in permit data?
Do you capture equipment brand?
Is plumbing really permitted?
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